FFO

N-[4-({[(6S)-2-amino-5-formyl-4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid

Created: 1999-07-08
Last modified:  2020-06-05

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Chemical Details

Formal Charge0
Atom Count57
Chiral Atom Count2
Bond Count59
Aromatic Bond Count6
2D diagram of FFO

Chemical Component Summary

NameN-[4-({[(6S)-2-amino-5-formyl-4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid
Synonyms[6S]-5-FORMYL-TETRAHYDROFOLATE; 6S-FOLINIC ACID
Systematic Name (OpenEye OEToolkits)2-[[4-[(2-azanyl-5-methanoyl-4-oxidanylidene-3,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-6-yl)methylamino]phenyl]carbonylamino]pentanedioic acid
FormulaC20 H23 N7 O7
Molecular Weight473.439
TypeNON-POLYMER

Chemical Descriptors

TypeProgram Version Descriptor
SMILESACDLabs12.01O=C(O)C(NC(=O)c1ccc(cc1)NCC2N(C=O)C=3C(=O)NC(=NC=3NC2)N)CCC(=O)O
SMILESCACTVS3.370NC1=NC2=C(N(C=O)[CH](CNc3ccc(cc3)C(=O)N[CH](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CN2)C(=O)N1
SMILESOpenEye OEToolkits1.7.2c1cc(ccc1C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NCC2CNC3=C(N2C=O)C(=O)NC(=N3)N
Canonical SMILESCACTVS3.370 NC1=NC2=C(N(C=O)[C@@H](CNc3ccc(cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CN2)C(=O)N1
Canonical SMILESOpenEye OEToolkits1.7.2 c1cc(ccc1C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NCC2CNC3=C(N2C=O)C(=O)NC(=N3)N
InChIInChI1.03 InChI=1S/C20H23N7O7/c21-20-25-16-15(18(32)26-20)27(9-28)12(8-23-16)7-22-11-3-1-10(2-4-11)17(31)24-13(19(33)34)5-6-14(29)30/h1-4,9,12-13,22H,5-8H2,(H,24,31)(H,29,30)(H,33,34)(H4,21,23,25,26,32)/t12-,13-/m0/s1
InChIKeyInChI1.03 VVIAGPKUTFNRDU-STQMWFEESA-N

Drug Info: DrugBank

DrugBank IDDB11596 
NameLevoleucovorin
Groups
  • approved
  • investigational
DescriptionLevoleucovorin is the enantiomerically active form of Folinic Acid (also known as 5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid or leucovorin). Commercially available leucovorin is composed of a 1:1 racemic mixture of the dextrorotary and levorotary isomers, while levoleucovorin contains only the pharmacologically active levo-isomer. In vitro, the levo-isomer has been shown to be rapidly converted to the biologically available methyl-tetrahydrofolate form while the dextro form is slowly excreted by the kidneys. Despite this difference in activity, the two commercially available forms have been shown to be pharmacokinetically identical and may be used interchangeably with limited differences in efficacy or side effects (Kovoor et al, 2009). As folate analogs, levoleucovorin and leucovorin are both used to counteract the toxic effects of folic acid antagonists, such as methotrexate, which act by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). They are indicated for use as rescue therapy following use of high-dose methotrexate in the treatment of osteosarcoma or for diminishing the toxicity associated with inadvertent overdosage of folic acid antagonists. Levoleucovorin, as the product Fusilev (FDA), has an additional indication for use in combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil in the palliative treatment of patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. Folic acid is an essential B vitamin required by the body for the synthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and methionine before incorporation into DNA or protein. However, in order to function in this role, it must first be reduced by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) into the cofactors dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). This important pathway, which is required for de novo synthesis of nucleic acids and amino acids, is disrupted when high-dose methotrexate is used for cancer therapy. As methotrexate functions as a DHFR inhibitor to prevent DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, it also prevents the formation of DHF and THF. This results in a deficiency of coenzymes and a resultant buildup of toxic substances that are responsible for numerous adverse side effects of methotrexate therapy. As levoleucovorin and leucovorin are analogs of tetrahydrofolate (THF), they are able to bypass DHFR reduction and act as a cellular replacement for the co-factor THF, thereby preventing these toxic side effects.
Synonyms
  • Levofolene
  • Levoleucovorin
  • Levoleucovorin disodium
  • Levofolinic acid
  • N-[4-({[(6S)-2-amino-5-formyl-4-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid
Brand Names
  • Levoleucovorin Calcium
  • Fusilev
  • Levoleucovorin
  • Biopar delta-FORTE
  • Khapzory
IndicationLevoleucovorin is indicated for use as rescue therapy following high-dose methotrexate in the treatment of osteosarcoma or for diminishing the toxicity associated with inadvertent overdosage of folic acid antagonists. Levoleucovorin, as the product Fusilev (FDA, dosed at one-half the usual dose of racemic d,l-leucovorin), has an additional indication for use in combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil in the palliative treatment of patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (although they should not be mixed in the same infusion as a precipitate may form).
Categories
  • Antidotes
  • Coenzymes
  • Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
  • Detoxifying Agents for Antineoplastic Treatment
  • Enzymes and Coenzymes
ATC-Code
  • V03AF10
  • V03AF04
CAS number68538-85-2

Drug Targets

NameTarget SequencePharmacological ActionActions
Serine hydroxymethyltransferaseMLKREMNIADYDAELWQAMEQEKVRQEEHIELIASENYTSPRVMQAQGSQ...unknown
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682

Related Resource References

Resource NameReference
PubChem 149436, 135398559
ChEMBL CHEMBL1908841
ChEBI CHEBI:63606